Does C have boolean variable type?

No, C does not have a boolean variable type. One can use ints, chars, #defines or enums to achieve the same in C.
#define TRUE 1 
#define FALSE 0 
enum bool {false, true};

An enum may be good if the debugger shows the names of enum constants when examining variables.

And also read

1. Do Global variables start out as zero? 
2. Does C have boolean variable type?
3. Where may variables be defined in C?
4. To what does the term storage class refer? What are auto, static, extern, volatile, const classes?
5. What does the typedef keyword do?
6. What is the difference between constants defined through #define and the constant keyword?
7. What are Trigraph characters?
8. How are floating point numbers stored? Whats the IEEE format?
9. When should a type cast be used?
10. Can structures be assigned to variables and passed to and from functions?